Its comprehensive lineup of laptops, graphics cards, monitors, motherboards, desktops, peripherals. Bolstered by its cutting-edge R&D capabilities and customer-driven innovation, MSI has a wide-ranging global presence spanning over 120 countries. This article, an overview of the expanding role of MSI in CRC, covers its clinical significance, the available data on molecular profiling, novel perspectives on MSI testing, biomarkers in MSI-H CRC, immunotherapy resistance, and novel immunotherapy strategies. MSI is a world leader in gaming, content creation, business & productivity and AIoT solutions. MSI-H CRC, in both the sporadic and hereditary settings, is characterized by distinctive molecular and clinicopathologic features and represents a unique subset of CRC that is the object of growing interest and fervent research efforts.

The groundbreaking success of checkpoint inhibitors in MMR-D metastatic CRC has opened a new therapeutic scenario for patients with these tumors. More recently, MSI has emerged as a predictor of sensitivity to immunotherapy-based treatments. Additionally, MSI-high (MSI-H) status is associated with a better prognosis in early-stage CRC and a lack of benefit from adjuvant treatment with 5-fluorouracil in stage II disease.

Testing for mismatch repair deficiency (MMR-D)/MSI is recommended during screening for Lynch syndrome, an autosomal-dominant hereditary disease that is characterized by germline mutations in the MMR genes and associated with an increased risk for several types of cancer. Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a key biomarker in colorectal cancer (CRC), with crucial diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive implications.

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